The history and culture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence are deeply intertwined, as the department has been shaped by centuries of human activity. The region was inhabited by various prehistoric peoples before being conquered by the Romans in the 2nd century BCE. Throughout the medieval period, the area was controlled by various lords and rulers, including the Counts of Provence and the Holy Roman Empire.

Today, the department is home to many cultural and historical sites that showcase this rich heritage. These include the fortified town of Entrevaux, the citadel of Sisteron, and the prehistoric caves of Vallon-Pont-d'Arc. Alpes-de-Haute-Provence is also known for its traditional crafts, such as pottery, weaving, and woodcarving, which are celebrated at local festivals and markets.

The culture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence is also reflected in its gastronomy, which features a mix of Provençal and Alpine influences. Local specialties include lavender honey, goat cheese, and Côtes de Provence wine. Music and dance also play a prominent role in the department's cultural scene, with traditional folk groups performing at events throughout the year.

Overall, the history and culture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence are a testament to the enduring legacy of the people who have called this beautiful region home over the centuries.